Evaluasi Kelayakan Tarif Kereta Api Kelas Ekonomi (studi Kasus Kereta Api Ekonomi Pasundan Jurusan Bandung-Surabaya)

Kereta api Pasundan jurusan Kiaracondong (Bandung) � Gubeng (Surabaya) adalah salah satu kereta api kelas ekonomi jarak jauh yang tarifnya ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah pada 1 April 2015 sebesar Rp 100.000/penumpang yang sebelumnya sebesar Rp 55.000/penumpang yang diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 17 Tahun 2015. Penyesuaian tarif tersebut disebabkan oleh fluktuasi harga bahan bakar minyak (BBM) bersubsidi, Perubahan pedoman perhitungan tarif, Perubahan margin dalam perhitungan dan fluktuasi kurs dolar Amerika Serikat terhadap mata uang rupiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tarif berdasarkan biaya operasional, kemampuan membayar (ATP) dan kemauan membayar (WTP) pengguna jasa Kereta api Pasundan. Perhitungan Tarif BOK menggunakan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 69 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pedoman Perhitungan Tarif angkutan orang dengan kereta api dan ability to pay (kemampuan) dan willingness to pay (kemauan) didapatkan dari pengolahan data hasil penyebaran kuesioner kepada penumpang KA Pasundan. Hasil analisis data menunjukan tarif berdasarkan BOK sebesar Rp. 119.442,- per penumpang, berdasarkan ATP sebesar Rp 133.807,81 per penumpang, berdasarkan WTP sebesar Rp 86.519,18 per penumpang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, Penumpang KA Pasundan masih mampu membayar jika tarif yang ditetapkan adalah tarif BOK maka sebaiknya subsidi terhadap tarif KA Pasundan bisa dialihkan dalam bentuk peningkatan tingkat pelayanan atau penambahan fasilitas baik di stasiun maupun di dalam kereta api.

The Pasundan Train with its route Kiaracondong (Bandung) to Gubeng (Surabaya) is one of the economy-class trains that serve long distance, in which its fare has been increased and set by the Government on April 1, 2015 from previously Rp. 50.000,- per passenger into Rp. 100.000,- per passenger, as regulated in the Regulation of The Minister of Transportation No. 17 Year 2015. The fare increase is due to the fluctuation of subsidized fuel, change in the guidelines of fare calculation, change in margin of calculation and fluctuation of US currency against Rupiahs. This study aimed to investigate the fare based on operational cost, ability to pay (ATP), and willingness to pay (WTP) of the users of The Pasundan Train. The fare was calculated based on the vehicle operational cost fare rate (BOK fare rate), as regulated by Regulation of The Minister of Transportation No. 69 Year 2014 on the fare calculation guidelines of train as public transportation, while the ability to pay and the willingness to pay were calculated based on the data distributed via questionnaire to the passengers of The Pasundan Train. The data analysis result shows that the fare rate based on BOK is Rp. 119.442,- per passenger, based on ATP is Rp 133.807,81 per passenger, and based on WTP is Rp 86.519,18 per passenger. Based on this analysis result, passengers of The Pasundan Train will still be able to pay for the train fare if the fare set is based on BOK. Hence, the subsidiary for the fare of The Pasundan Train can be transferred into increasing the level of service quality or providing more facilities either in the train station or in the train itself.