1-3 0 0 2 en en 20. 10112668_IDWAR HALID_JURNAL DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA.pdf ISO False localized subdirectory "Jurnal Ilmiah Komputer dan Informatika (KOMPUTA)" "The scientific journal computers and Informatics (KOMPUTA)" "Farid Fansuri" "Farid Fansuri" "1." "1." "PEMBANGUNAN APLIKASI KOMUNIKASI, PEMBELAJARAN, DAN " "APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION, LEARNING, AND " "TERAPI UNTUK PENDERITA AUTIS BERBASIS ANDROID" "THERAPY FOR SUFFERERS OF AUTISM BASED ON ANDROID" "Idwar Halid , Angga Setiyadi" "Idwar Halid, Cybernet Setiyadi" "1" "1" "2" "2" "1,2" "1.2" "Teknik Informatika - Universitas Komputer Indonesia Jl. Dipatiukur 112-114 Bandung" "Computer Engineering-University of Indonesia Computer JL. Si 112-114 of Bandung" "E-mail : idwar.frin@gmail.com , anggasetiyadi@gmail.com" "E-mail: idwar.frin@gmail.com, anggasetiyadi@gmail.com" "1" "1" "2" "2" "ABSTRAK" "ABSTRACT" "Autisme " "Autism " "perkembangan " "the development of the " "adalah " "is " "salah " "wrong " "satu " "one " "menyeluruh " "thorough " "gangguan " "the disorder " "yang " "the " "secara " "in " "mengakibatkan " "result in " "sosialisasi, " "socialization, " "terhambatnya " "terhambatnya " "dan " "and " "kemampuan " "the ability of the " "perilaku. " "behavior. " "komunikasi, " "communication, " "Permasalahan yang dimiliki anak autis dapat " "Problems of autistic children can be owned " "juga " "also " "menghambat proses perkembangan potensi maupun keterampilannya, " "inhibit the developmental process of the potential as well as his skill, " "sehingga " "so " "sangat " "very " "berpengaruh " "influential " "dalam hal akademik maupun non akademik." "in terms of academic and non academic." "Berdasarkan hasil survey yang dilakukan kepada 38 orangtua penderita autis melalui penyebaran kuisioner menyatakan bahwa sebanyak 31 orangtua kurang paham dengan ucapan maupun keinginan anaknya dan 28 orangtua kurang mengerti dengan emosi anaknya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa anak penderita autis kesulitan dalam hal berkomunikasi. permasalahan " "Based on the results of a survey conducted to 38 parents autism sufferers through the dissemination of the questionnaire stated that as many as 31 parents are less familiar with the speech as well as his son's wishes and 28 parents less understood the emotions his son. This shows that children with autism sufferers in terms of difficulties communicating. problems " "Melihat " "See " "dibangunlah sebuah aplikasi yang dapat membantu " "woke up by an application that can help " "tersebut " "the " "maka " "then " "proses komunikasi, belajar, dan terapi berdasarkan metode " "the process of communication, learning, and therapies based on the method " "augmentative " "augmentative " "and " "and " "alternative " "alternative " "communication (AAC), dimana metode ini adalah suatu metode dan media yang digunakan oleh anak yang mengalami hambatan dalam berkomunikasi agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik dan lancar dengan orang di sekitarnya. Aplikasi komunikasi, belajar, dan terapi adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dibangun untuk mempermudah penderita autis dalam berkomunikasi dan belajar serta membantu terapi saraf motorik halus." "communication (AAC), where this method is a method and media used by children who experience barriers in communicating in order to communicate well and smoothly with the people around him. Application of communication, learning, and therapy is an application that was built to ease autism sufferers in communicating and learning as well as help fine motor nerve therapy." "Kata kunci : Komunikasi, Terapi, Autis, Aplikasi Android." "Keywords: communication, therapy, Autistic, Android applications." "PENDAHULUAN" "INTRODUCTION" "Autisme " "Autism " "merupakan " "is " "suatu " "a " "menyeluruh " "thorough " "gangguan " "the disorder " "yang " "the " "perkembangan " "the development of the " "mengakibatkan " "result in " "secara " "in " "hambatan " "the barriers " "dalam " "in " "kemampuan " "the ability of the " "perilaku. " "behavior. " "sosialisasi, " "socialization, " "Gangguan yang dialami anak autis adalah gangguan " "The disruption experienced by autistic children is a disorder " "komunikasi, " "communication, " "dan " "and " "juga " "also " "dalam bidang interaksi sosial, gangguan dalam bidang " "in the areas of social interaction, impaired in the field " "komunikasi " "communication " "(verbal " "(verbal " "dan " "and " "non-verbal), " "non-verbal), " "gangguan dalam bidang perilaku, gangguan dalam bidang perasaan atau emosi, dan gangguan dalam bidang persepsi-sensorik [1]." "disturbances in the areas of behavior, disturbances in the field of feelings or emotions, and disturbances in the field of sensory perception [1]." "Berdasarkan hasil kuisioner terhadap orangtua penderita autis sebanyak 31 dari 38 orangtua murid penderita autis kurang paham dengan ucapan " "Based on the results of questionnaire toward parents autism sufferers as much as 31 of 38 parents autism sufferers are less familiar with sayings " "maupun keinginan anaknya. Sebanyak 28 dari 38 orangtua murid penderita autis kurang mengerti dengan emosi (perasaan) anaknya. Dari hasil observasi, dengan alat bantu media pembelajaran yang masih menggunakan buku maupun alat bantu lainnya yang kurang efektif dalam hal biaya dan pembelajaran menggunakan media buku yang cenderung selalu dalam keadaan diam (tidak bergerak, tidak aktif, tidak berubah keadaannya) membuat penderita autis mudah bosan dan sulit memahami materi yang diberikan." "as well as his son's wishes. As many as 28 of 38 parents autism sufferers less understood the emotions (feelings). From the results of observation, with the learning media tools that still uses books or other tools are less effective in terms of cost and learning to use media books tend to be always in a State of stationary (not moving, inactive, unchanging situation) makes easy the autism sufferers are tired and it's hard to understand the given material." "1.1 Android OS" "1.1 the Android OS" "Android adalah sistem operasi untuk telepon seluler yang berbasis Linux. Yang dirancang untuk perangkat bergerak layar sentuh seperti telepon pintar dan komputer tablet. Antarmuka pengguna Android umumnya berupa manipulasi langsung, menggunakan gerakan sentuh yanag serupa dengan tindakan nyata, misalnya menggeser, mengetuk untuk memanipulasi objek di layar, serta papan ketik virtual untuk menulis teks [2]. Android menyediakan platform terbuka bagi para pengembang untuk menciptakan aplikasi mereka sendiri dan untuk digunakan oleh bermacam peranti bergerak (mobile device). Hal ini memungkinkan para pengembang menulis kode terkelola (managed code) dalam bahasa pemrograman Java, mengontrol peranti via perpustakaan Java yang dikembangkan Google." "Android is an operating system for cell phones are Linux-based. Designed for touch screen mobile devices such as Smartphones and tablet computers. Android user interface is generally in the form of direct manipulation, using touch motion yanag similar to concrete action, such as shift, tapped to manipulate objects on the screen, as well as a virtual keyboard to write text [2]. Android provides an open platform for developers to create their own applications and for use by the various mobile device (mobile device). This allows developers to write managed code (managed code) in the Java programming language, controlling the device via Google-developed Java libraries." "Table 1 Komponen Sistem Operasi Android" "Table 1 components of the Android operating system" "Funtionality" "Funtionality" "Java Base Class" "Java Base Class" "Examples" "Examples" "Focused " "Focused " "thing a user can do Background " "thing a user can do Background " "Activity" "Activity" "Edit a note, play a game" "Edit a note, play a game" "Play music, " "Play music, " "process" "process" "Service" "Service" "update " "Update " "weather " "weather " "icon" "icon" "Trigger " "Trigger " "Receive " "Receive " "messages" "messages" "BroadcastReceiver" "BroadcastReceiver" "alarm upon " "the alarm upon " "event" "event" "Store and " "Store and " "retrieve data" "retrieve data" "ContentProvider" "ContentProvider" "Open a phone contact" "Open a phone contact" "Setiap aplikasi pasti menggunakan minimal satu " "Each application is sure to use at least one " "dari komponen tersebut," "of these components," "akan tetapi terdapat " "However, there is a " "beberapa " "some " "komponen " "component " "yang " "the " "mengharuskan " "requires " "specified" "specified" "digunakan seperti komponen Service, Broadcast " "used as components of the Service, Broadcast " "permission" "permissions" "sebelum " "before " "Receiver, Content Provider [3]." "Receiver, Content Provider [3]." "1.2 Autis" "1.2 the Autistic" "Autisme berasal dari kata “autos” yang berarti segala sesuatu yang mengarah pada diri sendiri. Dalam kamus psikologi umum, autisme berarti preokupasi terhadap pikiran dan khayalan sendiri atau dengan kata lain lebih banyak berorientasi kepada pikiran subyektifnya sendiri daripada melihat kenyataan atau realita kehidupan sehari-hari. Oleh karena itu penderita autisme sering disebut orang yang hidup di “alamnya” sendiri [4]." "Autism comes from the word "autos" meaning everything that leads to self. In General, the psychology dictionary autism means preokupasi towards thoughts and fantasies on your own or in other words more oriented to subyektifnya own mind rather than looking at the reality or the reality of everyday life. Therefore sufferers of autism often referred to people who live in the "natural" own [4]." "Autisme atau autisme infantil (Early Infantile Autism) pertama kali dikemukakan oleh Dr . Leo Kanner, seorang psikiatris Amerika pada tahun Istilah " "Autism or autism infantile (Early Infantile Autism) was first put forth by Dr. Leo Kanner, a Swiss psychiatrist America in Terms " "1943. " "1943. " "menunjukkan suatu gejala psikosis pada anak-anak " "demonstrates a symptom of psychosis in children " "autisme " "Autism " "dipergunakan " "used " "untuk " "for " "yang unik dan menonjol yang sering disebut Sindrom Kanner. Ciri yang menonjol pada sindrom Kanner antara lain ekspresi wajah yang kosong seolah-olah sedang melamun, kehilangan pikiran dan sulit sekali bagi orang lain untuk menarik perhatian " "a unique and outstanding Syndrome that is often called Kanner. A prominent feature of Kanner's syndrome at include a blank facial expression as though it were dreamy, lost his mind and difficult for others to draw attention to " "mereka " "they " "atau " "or " "mengajak " "invite " "mereka " "they " "berkomunikasi [4]. Pada awalnya istilah “autisme” diambilnya dari gangguan schizophrenia, dimana memakai " "communicate [4]. Initially the term "Autism" taken from schizophrenia, a disorder where the wear " "Bleuer " "Bleuer " "menggambarkan perilaku pasien skizofrenia yang " "Describes the behavior of the schizophrenia patients " "autisme " "Autism " "ini " "This " "untuk " "for " "menarik diri dari dunia luar dan menciptakan dunia fantasinya sendiri. Namun ada perbedaan yang jelas antara penyebab dari autisme pada penderita skizofrenia dengan penyandang autisme infantil. Pada skizofrenia, autisme disebabkan dampak area gangguan " "withdraw from the outside world and create a world to enhance his own. But there are clear differences between the causes of autism in schizophrenics with disabilities autism infantile. In schizophrenia, autism, caused disturbance area impact " "jiwa " "soul " "yang " "the " "didalamnya " "inside " "terkandung " "contained " "halusinasi dan delusi yang berlansung minimal selama 1 bulan, sedangkan pada anak-anak dengan autisme " "hallucinations and delusions which maintained its position for at least 1 month, while in children with autism " "perkembangan " "the development of the " "infantile " "infantile " "terdapat " "There are " "yang tergolong dalam " "that belongs in the " "kegagalan " "the failure of the " "dalam kriteria gangguan pervasif dengan kehidupan autistik yang tidak disertai dengan halusinasi dan delusi [4]." "criteria include pervasive disorder with autistic lives that are not accompanied by hallucinations and delusions [4]." "1.3 Komunikasi" "1.3 Communications" "Komunikasi mengandung makna bersama-sama (common). Isilah komunikasi atau communication berasal dari bahasa latin, yaitu communicatio yang berarti pemberitahuan atau pertukaran. Kata sifatnya communis, yang bermakna umum atau bersama- sama [5]." "The communication contains the meanings together (common). Fill out the communication or communication comes from the latin, namely communicatio which means notification or Exchange. The word nature communis, common or shared meaning both [5]." "Para ahli mendefinisikan komunikasi menurut sudut pandang mereka masing-masing. Ingat bahwa sejarah ilmu komunikasi, ia dikembangkan dari ilmuan yang berasal dari berbagai disiplin ilmu [5]. Trenholm " "Experts define the communication according to their point of view respectively. Remember that the history of science communication, he developed from scientists from different disciplines [5]. Trenholm " "Sarah " "Sarah " "mendefinisikan komunikasi demikian: “A process by " "defines the communication thus: "A process by " "dan " "and " "Arthur " "Arthur " "Jensen " "Jensen " "which a source transmits a message to a receiver throught some channel.” (Komunikasi adalah suatu proses dimana sumber mentransmisikan pesan kepada penerima melalui beragam saluran) [5]." "which a source transmits a message to a receiver throught some channel. " (Communication is a process by which the source transmits messages to the recipient through diverse channels) [5]." "Hoveland " "Hoveland " "demikian: “the prosess by which an individual (the " "thus: "the process by which an individual (the " "mendefinisikan " "define " "komunikasi " "communication " ", " ", " "communicator) transmits stimuli (usually verbal symbols) to modify, the behaviour of other individu” adalah " "Communicator) transmits stimuli (usually verbal symbols) to modify the behaviour of other individuals "is " "(Komunikasi " "(Communications " "mentransmisikan stimulus untuk mengubah prilaku " "transmits the stimulus to change behavior " "proses " "process " "dimana " "where " "individu" "individual" "individu yang lain) [5]." "the other individual) [5]." "Gode memberi pengertian mengenai komunikasi, sebagai berikut: ”It is a process that makes common to or several what was the monopoly of one or some.” (Komunikasi adalah suatu proses yang membuat kebersamaan bagi dua atau lebih yang semula monopoli oleh satu atau beberapa orang) [5]." "Gode gives understanding about communications, as follows: "It is a process that makes common to several or what was the monopoly of one or some." (Communication is a process that makes the togetherness for two or more of the former monopoly by one or a few people) [5]." "Definisi-definisi sebagaimana dikemukakan di atas, tentu belum mewakili semua definisi yang telah dibuat oleh para ahli. Namun, paling tidak kita telah memperoleh gambaran tentang apa yang dimaksud komunikasi, sebagimana yang diungkapkan oleh Shannon dan Weaver (1949), bahwa komunikasi adalah bentuk interaksi manusia yang saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain, sengaja atau tidak disengaja dan tidak terbatas pada bentuk komunikasi verbal, tetapi juga dalam hal ekspresi muka, lukisan, seni dan teknologi [5]." "The definitions as set forth above, certainly not yet represent all definitions that have been created by experts. However, at least we have gained an idea of what the intended communication, sebagimana expressed by Shannon and Weaver (1949), that the communication is a form of human interaction that mutually influence one another, intentionally or not deliberate and not limited to verbal forms of communication, but also in terms of the expression of the face, painting, art and technology [5]." "1.4 Pembelajaran" "1.4 Learning" "Secara umum, pembelajaran merupakan suatu proses perubahan, yaitu perubahan dalam perilaku sebagai hasil interaksi antara dirinya dengan dalam " "In General, learning is a process of change, namely a change in behavior as a result of the interaction between herself with in " "lingkungannya " "their environment " "hidupnya. Secara lengkap pengertian pembelajaran " "his life. A complete understanding of learning " "memenuhi " "meet " "kebutuhan " "the needs of the " "adalah suatu proses yang dilakukan oleh individu untuk memperoleh suatu perubahan perilaku yang secara " "is a process which is done by individuals to obtain a change in behavior that is " "baru " "new " "pengalaman individu itu sendiri dalam interaksi " "the experience of the individual itself in interaction " "keseluruhan, " "overall, " "sebagai " "as " "hasil " "the results of the " "dari " "from " "dengan lingkungannya [6]." "with the environment [6]." "Belajar " "Learning " "merupakan " "is " "perubahan " "changes " "kecenderungan perilaku yang relatif permanen " "the tendency of a relatively permanent behavior " "suatu " "a " "sebagai hasil praktek yang diperkuat yaitu ada sebab-sebab belajar. Belajar itu sendiri terjadi antara adanya sebab dan hasil belajar (Kimble & Garmezy. 1963: 133). Dalam proses belajar, suatu perubahan yang relatif permanen menunjuk kepada perubahan dalam penampilan (performance). Bagaimanapun, penampilan dapat diamati, tetapi belajar (learning) itu sendiri tidak dapat diamati. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa seseorang telah melakukan belajar apabila ia telah dapat melakukan sesuatu yang sebelumnya tidak dapat ia lakukan. tetapi tidak semua yang dipelajari menghasilkan perubahan perilaku atau penampilan [6]." "as a result of practice reinforced i.e. There are reasons for the study. Learning itself occurs between the existence of a cause and a result of learning (Garmezy & Kimble. 1963:133). In the learning process, a relatively permanent change refers to a change in appearance (performance). However, appearances can be observed, but learning (learning) itself can not be observed. It can be concluded that someone had done a study when he has can do something before she could not do. but not all learned behavior or appearance changes produce [6]." "1.5 Terapi" "1.5 Therapy" "Seni pengobatan melalui metode terapi sejatinya sudah dari zaman dahulu, karena ketika sebelum mengenal istilah medis pengobatan dengan cara terapi lah yang terkenal. Kita bisa lihat pengobatan pada zaman Indonesia sebelum merdeka atau bahkan ketika zaman kerajaan, metodek penyembuha dengan ahli spiritual, kemudian di kombinasikan " "The art of treatment through therapeutic methods are essentially already from ancient times, because as before to know the medical term treatment with a therapeutic way lah. We can see the treatment in the days before Indonesia became independent or even during the time of the Kingdom, metodek penyembuha with spiritual experts, then combine " "mencantumkan " "lists " "2." "2." "1." "1." "2." "2." "1." "1." "dengan pengobatan dari alam (tumbuhan dan launya). Kemudian ketika agama mulai masuk ke Indonesia dimulai dari pengobatan ala Gujarat, tiongkok dan islam. Semua metode pengobatan tersebut dapat kita sebutkan dalam katagori terapi [7]." "with the treatment of nature (plants and launya). Then when the religion started to go to Indonesia starting treatment ala Gujarat, China and islam. All of these treatment methods can we mentioned in the categories of therapy [7]." "Terapi atau pengobatan, " "Therapy or treatment, " "masalah kesehatan, biasanya mengikuti diagnosis. " "health problems, usually following a diagnosis. " "adalah remediasi " "is the remediation " "Orang yang melakukan terapi disebut sebagai terapis [8]." "The person doing the therapy known as therapists [8]." "ISI PENELITIAN" "THE CONTENT OF RESEARCH" "2.1 Metode Yang Sedang Berjalan" "2.1 method that is currently running" "Sebelum melakukan rancangan sistem, perlu adanya analisis terhadap metode yang sedang berjalan, dimana metode ini akan menjadi acuan untuk dibuat kedalam suatu program. Berikut adalah beberapa prosedur yang sedang berjalan:" "Before doing the design of the system, the need for an analysis of the methods that are currently running, where this method will be a reference to made into a program. Here are some of the running procedures:" "2.1.1 Metode Komunikasi" "2.1.1 communication method" "Gambar 1 Flowmap Metode Komunikasi" "Figure 1 Flowmap communication method" "2.1.2 Metode Pembelajaran" "2.1.2 learning methods" "Pembelajaran Angka" "Learning Numbers" "Gambar 2 Flowmap Pembelajaran Angka" "Figure 2 Flowmap Learning Numbers" "Pembelajaran Huruf" "Learning Letters" "Gambar 3 Flowmap Pembelajaran Huruf" "Figure 3 Flowmap Learning Letters" "2.1.3 Metode Terapi (Saraf Motorik Halus) Pencocokkan Bentuk" "2.1.3 method of therapy (fine motor Nerve) Pencocokkan Form" "Gambar 4 Flowmap Pencocokkan Bentuk" "Figure 4 Flowmap Pencocokkan Form" File translated using Translation Wizard en